{"id":597,"date":"2022-12-15T13:41:27","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T13:41:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/?p=597"},"modified":"2022-12-15T14:54:45","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T14:54:45","slug":"module-5-b-modes-of-electrosurgery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/?p=597","title":{"rendered":"Module 5: B. Modes of Electrosurgery"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Modes of Electrosurgery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  There <a id=\"post-473-_Int_PzIIOrxu\"><\/a>are two main modes of electrical surgical energy used in surgery: Monopolar and Bipolar. These modes differ in how energy is delivered and returned to and from the generator to the surgical site.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-3 wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-container-1 wp-block-column\">\n<h5>Monopolar <\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"469\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-30-1-1024x469.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-641\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-30-1-1024x469.png 1024w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-30-1-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-30-1-768x352.png 768w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-30-1.png 1078w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  This occurs when the energy source flows from the generator (electrosurgical unit) through an active electrode (the handpiece) into the patient. The current then travels to the dispersive electrode (the grounding pad) and back to the generator (electrosurgical unit).\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  It is vital that the dispersive electrode is large to disperse the energy leaving the body so it isn\u2019t concentrated on a small area of tissue which could cause heat production and a potential burn.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-2 wp-block-column\">\n<h5>Bipolar <\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-31-1-1024x444.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-642\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-31-1-1024x444.png 1024w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-31-1-300x130.png 300w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-31-1-768x333.png 768w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Asset-31-1.png 1078w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  With Bipolar, the energy source flows from the generator (electrosurgical unit) through one side of an active electrode (the forcep handpiece) into the patient. The current then travels to the other side of the active electrode (the forcep handpiece) and back to the generator (electrosurgical unit).\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  No dispersive electrode (grounding pad) is required since the energy returns directly through the electrode instrument.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  If there is a great amount of impedance, the energy\/current flow is decreased.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  (Ball, 2019)\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5>Electrosurgical Effects on Tissue &#8211; Waveform<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>   Electrosurgical units can change the effect on tissue based on the waveform of the energy. In the operating room, the different waveforms are demonstrated as pure cut, blend, and pure coag. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  (Ball, 2019)\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-10 wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-container-8 wp-block-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-container-7 wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-container-4 wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"187\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-11.png 187w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-11-140x300.png 140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pure Cut and Bipolar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>100% On<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Low Voltage 50 Watts<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-5 wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"243\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-12.png 243w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-12-182x300.png 182w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 243px) 100vw, 243px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Blend<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>50% On<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>50% Off<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-6 wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"233\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-13.png 233w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-13-175x300.png 175w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pure Coag<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6% On<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>94% Off<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>High Voltage 50 Watts<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-9 wp-block-column\"><div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-19\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"19\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Module 5: Waveform\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-13 wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-container-11 wp-block-column\">\n<h5>Other Electrosurgical Effects on Tissue<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>   Besides waveform of the surgical energy, there are other variables that can be changed to obtain various effects on tissue. These include: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>     The power setting \u2013 If you set the power higher, you will produce more extensive effects on the tissue.   <\/li><li>     Length of exposure \u2013 The longer the tissue is exposed to the energy, the greater the effect.   <\/li><li>     The size of the active electrode \u2013 Smaller electrodes will concentrate where the energy is being dispersed, causing higher levels of energy to be directed at a tissue. Larger electrodes will help to disperse the energy.   <\/li><li>     Type of tissue \u2013 Because muscle tissue is vascular, it requires less power<a id=\"post-473-_Int_5nFY9hvT\"><\/a>. Adipose tissue will require higher levels of energy because it does not conduct energy as well.   <\/li><li>     Presence of eschar \u2013 Eschar is a poor conductor of energy, so when it is present <a id=\"post-473-_Int_w1SUVdI2\"><\/a>it requires more power.   <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\n  (Ball, 2019)\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-12 wp-block-column\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"2503\" height=\"1198\" src=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14.jpeg 2503w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-300x144.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-1024x490.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-768x368.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-1536x735.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-2048x980.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-1200x574.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/word-image-473-14-1980x948.jpeg 1980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2503px) 100vw, 2503px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modes of Electrosurgery There are two main modes of electrical surgical energy used in surgery: Monopolar and Bipolar. These modes differ in how energy is delivered and returned to and from the generator to the surgical site. Monopolar This occurs when the energy source flows from the generator (electrosurgical unit) through an active electrode (the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/template-content.php","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"wf_post_folders":[7],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=597"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":644,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/597\/revisions\/644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=597"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fwf_post_folders&post=597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}