{"id":177,"date":"2022-11-24T17:45:44","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T17:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/?p=177"},"modified":"2023-05-01T16:58:18","modified_gmt":"2023-05-01T16:58:18","slug":"module-2-c-categories-of-instruments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/perioperative1002.slc-courses.ca\/?p=177","title":{"rendered":"Module 2: C. Categories of Instruments"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Categories of Instruments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

There are four basic categories of surgical instrumentation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cutting\/Dissecting<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Clamps<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Retractors<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Accessory\/Ancillary<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The design of instruments in these categories is different depending on the tissue types and anatomical locations. The following examples show the difference between instruments used for general surgery and soft tissue and instruments in the same category used for tougher tissue and bones during orthopedic surgery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Tighe, 2016).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cutting\/Dissecting<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Sharp dissecting instruments can be found in all instrument sets. Most commonly, scissors are used for dissecting soft tissue<\/a>. Other cutting instruments have been designed for different tissue types and anatomical locations. Below are sharp dissecting scissors used for soft tissue in general surgery and elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Battery-operated, electric or compressed air saws with varying blade types and actions are used to cut bone. (cutting\/dissecting instruments used in orthopedics)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Clamps<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Clamps are designed for hemostasis, occluding, or grasping\/holding. Clamp tips dictate their purpose. For example hemostats with horizontal serrations crush tissue to create hemostasis; babcocks are \u2018soft\u2019 clamps used to grasp delicate bowel and other tissues without causing damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s look at clamping instrument examples. Compare clamps used in an abdominal laparotomy set versus clamps used in orthopedics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Cromb, 2019)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Assorted Laparotomy Clamps<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
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Differentiating Clamps<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

By recognizing the tips and purposes of clamps, it is easy to distinguish among micro, long, or minimally invasive instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Example: The hemostat pictured with a curved tip and serrated clamp is used to grasp soft tissue or effect hemostasis. In a laparoscopic, or keyhole procedure, these clamps are needed to grasp tissue as well but must be designed to enter a hollow cannula that enters the abdomen. So, although the shaft is different, the clamp is the same.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laparoscopic instrumentation handles and tips. The grasping and cutting tips are like those used in a general surgery setting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tissue Forceps are examples of non-clamping graspers, and the varied types can be seen in Alexander\u2019s p. 189.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\ud83e\udde9 Practice Activity<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Choose one or multiple images to answer the question. Select “Check” when you feel confident in your answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n